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Why Google and Facebook basically own the internet (and how they did it)

Original: Aggregation Theory

May 25, 2025
9 min read
Framework
Intermediate
Aggregation Theory

Summary

Ben Thompson's seminal piece explaining how internet aggregators dominate by controlling demand.

Who This Is For

Product Managers
Business Analysts
Founders

Key Takeaways

  • Learn how internet companies flipped the traditional supplier-distributor-consumer relationship by controlling users instead of suppliers
  • Understand why zero distribution costs and transaction costs give digital platforms massive scaling advantages
  • See how Google, Facebook, Amazon, and Netflix used aggregation to commoditize entire industries
  • Discover the three-part value chain framework for analyzing any consumer market
  • Apply the Conservation of Attractive Profits theory to predict where value will shift in digital disruption

Tools & Technologies

Google Search Facebook advertising platform Amazon marketplace Netflix streaming platform

Topics Covered

business-strategy platforms aggregation marketplace